Friday, October 24, 2014

Dammerstock, a showcase of the modernist model home




A central strip of green separates the northern and southern sections of Dammerstock. Along the edge also runs the main road that links this suburb to the main road along the railway. The strip has been planted as an ornamental park with expanses of grass with trees and shrubs.



The traditionalist style of building of the Stuttgarter Schule (left) contrasts sharply with the cubist lines of the Bauhaus architecture (right).



The buildings in the traditionalist style that date from the 1930s are positioned along long parallel streets with ample green front gardens. The orthogonal street plan wasn't changed, so the houses with pitched and hipped roofs are arranged in long rows running north to south.



This building stands at the entrance to Dammerstock and advertises the intended Bauhaus style of the development. The complex had a social function with a bakery, kitchen, bathhouse, laundrette and community hall.



The apartments can be accessed via a back street that runs underneath a gateway. This gate separates the functional parts of the complex, but also creates a strong sense of place.



The functional elements of the architecture are the ornament within the Bauhaus doctrine. Exceptions are made for murals and tableaus. For the most part the architecture depends on the sculptural quality of the blocks with the rhythm of the structural elements, faces and openings.



The streets that run east to west are the through streets, that now harbour all the parked cars of the residents. The ends of the rows of housing create a strict rhythm along these streets. This also emphasizes the perception of depth, thus making the area look more spacious.



In contrast the rows of housing are spaced relatively close to each other creating long rows that run north to south. Some blocks are multifamily houses with small to medium size apartments. These blocks all have a unifying plinth in a gray colour.



The equally long rows of terraced houses lack the plinth and have a uniform facade in a single colour. Here the openings for the doors and windows are used to great effect creating both a horizontal and vertical rhythm. The small awning over the entrance and the steps are almost ornamental, although fully functional.



The ambition was to create modern living for modern people in a green and pleasant setting. So the design incorporated communal gardens with fruit trees and private gardens for the terraced housing. Hedges were used to unify all elements and create structure. These hedges are the same as in garden villages: privet.



The strips of garden space are unified by the long hedges running along. The white blocks stand out between the surrounding green thus supporting the idea(l) of a spacious place to live happily that has none of the vices of urbanity. Dammerstock is basically a modernist garden suburb.



Along the edge of the quarter a ridge of higher apartment blocks define the area against the surrounding landscape and also serve as a barrier towards the railway and the main through road on that side. De Blocks are of a deceptively simple design that is emphasised by the shadows of the trees in the park like public garden that sits next to it.



The blocks of flats don't stand out, as they are surrounded by higher vegetation (trees) that the lower rows at the heart of Dammerstock (that have fruit trees).The architecture emphasises their relative height through the horizontal alignment of windows and balconies in bands along the facade.

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